2026-06-27

arXiv · 2026-03-03 · 新论文 2026-06-27 · 相关度 23.7

英文原题Size Scaling Law for Radiation Losses of Modes in Photonic Crystal Surface Emitting Devices

中文摘要光子晶体表面发射激光器（PCSELs）因其能够产生超高功率和低发散角的激光束而受到广泛关注。这是因为它们支持高功率单模激射，其体积比传统半导体激光器大若干数量级。PCSEL 中有限的横向尺寸是限制其激射模式体积并因此限制其输出功率的主要因素。我们证明，总腔损耗 $\alpha=\alpha_\perp + \alpha_\parallel$ 与器件尺寸 $L$ 之间的缩放关系为：表面辐射损耗按 $\alpha_{\perp} \sim O(L^{-2})$ 缩放，而边缘辐射损耗 $\alpha_{\parallel} \sim O(L^{-3})$ 缩放。这两种缩放关系都可以由能带图中复频率 $\omega(k)$ 的二阶展开来解释。我们的结果为 PCSEL 设计提供了明确指南，以优化各种光学性质。

英文摘要Photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs) have garnered significant attention due to their ability to generate laser beams with ultra high power and low divergence. This is because they support high power single mode lasing with volumes orders of magnitude larger than those of conventional semiconductor lasers. The finite lateral size in a PCSEL is a primary factor limiting its lasing mode volume and consequently, its output power. We demonstrate that the scaling relation between the total cavity loss $\alpha=\alpha_\perp + \alpha_\parallel$ and the device size $L$ is such that the surface radiation loss scales as $\alpha_{\perp} \sim O(L^{-2})$, while the edge radiation loss $\alpha_{\parallel} \sim O(L^{-3})$. Both scaling relations can be explained by the second order expansions of the complex frequency $\omega(k)$ of the band diagram. Our results constitute an explicit guideline for PCSEL designs to optimize various optical properties.

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arXiv · 2026-02-27 · 新论文 2026-06-27 · 相关度 20.8

英文原题A synergistic approach to optical modeling of PCSELs through rigorous methods and the coupled-wave theory

中文摘要用于光子晶体表面发射激光器（PCSELs）光学建模的数值和半解析方法已经发展出很广泛的范围。然而，用于比较其预测能力并识别其各自有效性边界的系统框架仍在很大程度上尚未探索。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种比较方法，其中四种代表性方法，包括严格数值方法和基于有效折射率的方法，在耦合波理论框架内进行分析并部分混合。以单晶格和双晶格 PCSELs 作为代表性模型，我们证明该方法不仅揭示了严格方法预测与耦合波理论框架之间的基本差异，还捕捉到了与激光运行相关的连续谱束缚态（BICs）的泄漏相和对称性破缺相。

英文摘要A wide range of numerical and semi-analytical approaches has been developed for optical modeling of photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs). However, a systematic framework for comparing their predictive capabilities and identifying their respective validity limits remains largely unexplored. In this work, we introduce a comparative methodology in which four representative methods-including rigorous numerical and effective-index-based approaches-are analyzed and partially hybridized within a coupled-wave-theory framework. Using single- and double-lattice PCSELs as representative models, we demonstrate that this approach not only reveals fundamental differences between predictions of rigorous methods and the coupled-wave-theory framework, but also captures leaky and symmetry-broken phases of bound states in the continuum (BICs) relevant for laser operation.

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- 主线关联：更偏photonics / photonic crystal / CWT，可作为 PCSEL 周边器件物理或数值方法补充。
- 可用线索：CWT。
- 可转化内容：先判断能否变成一个仿真 case、baseline、验证指标或参数先验。

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Semantic Scholar · Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition · 2026-01-01 · Yun-Han Chang, Wenhu Miao, Fu-He Hsiao, Yuan-Zeng Lin · 新论文 2026-06-27 · 相关度 40.1

英文原题Monolithic Integration of Metasurface with Photonic-Crystal Surface-Emitting Laser (PCSEL) for Beam Manipulation in Free Space Optical Communication

中文摘要制备了一种与光子晶体表面发射激光器（PCSEL）单片集成的超表面。该超表面被设计为在特定衍射角产生左旋和右旋圆偏振。实验结果表明，实现了每个偏振信道 1.88 Gbit/s 的自由空间传输。

英文摘要A monolithically integrated metasurface with photonic-crystal-surface-emitting-laser (PCSEL) was fabricated. The metasurface was designed to generate left- and right-handed-circular-polarizations at specific diffraction angles. Experimental results show that 1.88-Gbit/s per polarization channel free-space transmission is achieved.

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为什么与你有关：
- 主线关联：直接服务 PCSEL 方向，优先看结构参数、耦合机制、出光/远场和验证口径。
- 可用线索：先看是否能抽出结构参数、指标定义或仿真设置。
- 可转化内容：先判断能否变成一个仿真 case、baseline、验证指标或参数先验。

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Semantic Scholar · Discover Nano · 2023-01-01 · Wen-Cheng Hsu, Chia-Hsun Chang, Yu‐Heng Hong, H. Kuo · 新论文 2026-06-27 · 相关度 41.0

英文原题Compact structured light generation based on meta-hologram PCSEL integration

中文摘要超表面作为一类光学元件目录，可按需提供众多新功能。此前研究已将它们与垂直腔面发射激光器（VCSELs）集成。然而，其性能受到 VCSELs 特性的限制，例如低输出功率和大发散角。尽管 VCSEL 阵列模块的方案可以解决这些问题，但额外透镜和较大尺寸限制了实际应用。在本研究中，我们通过将光子晶体表面发射激光器与为结构光生成而设计的超表面全息图进行紧凑集成，实验展示了全息图像的重建。该研究展示了超表面的灵活设计能力、高输出功率（毫瓦量级），以及在无需收集透镜的情况下生成具有宽视场且均匀性良好的图像的能力，使其适用于三维成像和传感。

英文摘要Metasurfaces, a catalog of optical components, offer numerous novel functions on demand. They have been integrated with vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) in previous studies. However, the performance has been limited by the features of the VCSELs such as low output power and large divergence angle. Although the solution of the module of VCSEL array could solve these issues, the practical application is limited by extra lens and large size. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate reconstruction of a holographic images using a compact integration of a photonic crystal surface-emitting laser and metasurface holograms designed for structured light generation. This research showcases the flexible design capabilities of metasurfaces, high output power (on the order of milliwatts), and the ability to produce well-uniformed images with a wide field of view without the need for a collection lens, making it suitable for 3D imaging and sensing.

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- 主线关联：直接服务 PCSEL 方向，优先看结构参数、耦合机制、出光/远场和验证口径。
- 可用线索：先看是否能抽出结构参数、指标定义或仿真设置。
- 可转化内容：适合沉淀成验证指标或参数先验，尤其是 divergence angle。

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Semantic Scholar · Sensors Applications Symposium · 2022-01-01 · An-Tai Hsiao, Chun-Hsien Liu, Po-Hsuan Chen, Yaoqing Liu · 新论文 2026-06-27 · 相关度 41.7

英文原题Real-time LiDAR module with 64x128-pixel CMOS SPAD array and 940-nm PCSEL

中文摘要高级驾驶辅助系统和自动驾驶对高性能光探测与测距（LiDAR）模块有很高需求。长距离测距所需的发射器高功率水平是实现商业上可负担的车载 LiDAR 需要解决的关键问题之一。在这项工作中，我们首次展示了一种低成本实时 LiDAR 模块，该模块使用 CMOS 制造的 64x128 像素单光子雪崩二极管（SPAD）阵列、940 nm 光子晶体表面发射激光器（PCSEL）以及用于控制和信号处理的 FPGA 卡。得益于 SPAD 的高灵敏度和 PCSEL 的小发散角，我们以约 0.5 W 的低激光峰值功率实现了 60 m 三维成像器。在目标反射率为 10% - 90%、阳光条件为 0–50k lux 时，测距距离和帧率分别为 60 m 和每秒 10 帧。我们的工作揭示了这两种引人关注的器件在制造低成本高性能车载 LiDAR 方面的巨大潜力。

英文摘要High-performance light detection and ranging (LiDAR) modules are highly demanded for advanced driving assistance system and autonomous driving. The high power level of emitter required for long-distance ranging is one of the key issues to be addressed to realize commercially affordable vehicle LiDAR. In this work, for the first time, we demonstrate a low-cost real-time LiDAR module by using CMOS-fabricated 64x128-pixel single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array, a 940-nm photonic-crystal surface-emitting laser (PCSEL), and a FPGA card for control and signal processing. Thanks to the high-sensitivity of SPAD and small divergence angle of PCSEL, a 60-m 3-D imager has been realized with a low laser peak power of ~0.5 W. The ranging distance and frame rate are 60 m and 10 frames per second, respectively, for the target reflectivity of 10% - 90% and the sunlight condition of 0 – 50k lux. Our work reveals the great potential of these two intriguing devices for making low-cost high-performance vehicle LiDARs.

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- 主线关联：直接服务 PCSEL 方向，优先看结构参数、耦合机制、出光/远场和验证口径。
- 可用线索：先看是否能抽出结构参数、指标定义或仿真设置。
- 可转化内容：适合沉淀成验证指标或参数先验，尤其是 divergence angle。

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Semantic Scholar · Optics Letters · 2025-01-01 · Xiaoyu Zhang, Xuefan Yin, Kangjiang Yang, Zixuan Zhang · 新论文 2026-06-26 · 相关度 42.4

英文原题Electrically driven heterogeneous III-V/Si photonic crystal surface-emitting laser.

中文摘要我们展示了一种基于 III-V/Si 异质集成的 C 波段电驱动光子晶体表面发射激光器（PCSEL），其中在硅层上图案化的二维光子晶体（PhC）为激射行为提供面内分布式反馈和模式选择性，而直接键合的 InP 基外延晶片提供光学增益。该器件在脉冲注入下实现了 64 mA 的低阈值和超过 100 mW 的峰值输出功率。在连续波运行中，在受控 TEC 温度 5℃ 下，单模激射从 55 mA 阈值开始，输出最高可达 3 mW。温度依赖测量突出了热效应对性能的重要性。我们的发现强调了异质 PCSELs 作为硅光子学紧凑片上光源的潜力。

英文摘要We demonstrate a C-band electrically driven photonic-crystal surface-emitting laser (PCSEL) based on III-V/Si heterogeneous integration, in which a 2D photonic crystal (PhC) patterned on the silicon layer provides in-plane distributed feedback and mode selectivity for lasing action, while a directly bonded InP-based epitaxial wafer supplies optical gain. The device achieves a low threshold of 64 mA and peak output power over 100 mW under pulsed injection. In continuous-wave operation, single-mode lasing begins at a threshold of 55 mA with up to 3 mW output under controlled TEC temperature of 5℃. Temperature-dependent measurements highlight the importance of thermal effects on performance. Our findings underscore the potential of heterogeneous PCSELs as compact on-chip light sources for silicon photonics.

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为什么与你有关：
- 主线关联：直接服务 PCSEL 方向，优先看结构参数、耦合机制、出光/远场和验证口径。
- 可用线索：先看是否能抽出结构参数、指标定义或仿真设置。
- 可转化内容：先判断能否变成一个仿真 case、baseline、验证指标或参数先验。

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Semantic Scholar · Optics Express · 2023-01-01 · Qifa Liu, Minjia Meng, Shang Ma, Meixin Feng · 新论文 2026-06-13 · 相关度 52.3

英文原题Design of double-lattice GaN-PCSEL based on triangular and circular holes.

中文摘要我们在理论上设计了一种基于三角形和圆形孔的双晶格光子晶体表面发射激光器（PCSEL）。在该设计中，首次提出将多孔 GaN 作为 GaN-PCSEL 的包层，因为其具有较低折射率以及与 GaN 进行高质量无应力同质外延的性质。研究中采用了有限差分时域（FDTD）、平面波展开（PWE）和严格耦合波分析（RCWA）方法。我们的模拟在保持低阈值增益的同时，实现了最高 50 cm -1 的辐射常数和超过 1 W/A 的斜率效率。我们系统研究了填充因子、刻蚀深度和孔位移对 PCSEL 性能的影响。结果表明，增加填充因子会提高辐射常数和斜率效率。非对称孔图案和变化的刻蚀深度具有类似效果。在光子晶体中引入非对称图案和双晶格会打破平面内电场的对称性，而两个孔的不同刻蚀深度会打破垂直方向上的对称性。此外，改变双晶格的位移会改变谐振腔中的光反馈，从而导致腔损耗和限制因子的变化。

英文摘要We have theoretically designed a double-lattice photonic crystal surface-emitting laser (PCSEL) based on triangular and circular holes. In the design, porous-GaN which has the properties of lower refractive index and high quality stress-free homo-epitaxy with GaN, was first proposed to be the cladding layer for GaN-PCSEL. The finite difference-time domain (FDTD), the plane wave expansion (PWE), and the rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) method were employed in the investigation. Our simulations achieved a radiation constant of up to 50 cm -1 and a slope efficiency of more than 1 W/A while maintaining a low threshold gain. We conducted a systematic study on the effects of the filling factor, etching depth, and holes shift, on the performance of the PCSEL. The findings indicate that increasing the filling factor improves the radiation constant and slope efficiency. Asymmetric hole patterns and varying etching depths have a similar effect. The introduction of asymmetric patterns and a double lattice in the photonic crystal breaks the symmetry of electric fields in the plane, while different etching depths of the two holes break the symmetry in the vertical direction. Additionally, altering the shift of the double lattice modifies the optical feedback in the resonators, resulting in variations of cavity loss and confinement factor.

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- 主线关联：直接服务 PCSEL 方向，优先看结构参数、耦合机制、出光/远场和验证口径。
- 可用线索：CWT / FDTD。
- 可转化内容：先判断能否变成一个仿真 case、baseline、验证指标或参数先验。

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arXiv · 2026-06-23 · 新论文 2026-06-26 · 相关度 10.4

英文原题Inverse designed photonic crystal waveguides for pulsed operation: dispersion, losses, and controlled light-matter interactions

中文摘要光子晶体波导（PCWs）是光学技术的强大平台，因为它们能够在亚波长尺度上对光进行空间限制，并操控传播模式的群速度，这两者都会增强光-物质相互作用。光子学中的许多应用需要大带宽、低损耗且恒定速度的慢光，这对以往的色散和 Bloch 模式工程技术构成了重大挑战。通过将逆向设计与高效模式求解器和基于物理的公式相结合，我们将 PCW 设计的计算时间减少了 100 倍以上，从而能够实现带宽最高增加一个数量级、损耗最高降低 4 倍的 PCW。随后，我们探讨了带宽、无序诱导损耗、群折射率和色散之间的权衡。作为示例，我们将该方法应用于 PCW 设计中两个活跃且实用的研究领域：宽带、位置容忍的 Purcell 增强，以及用于光通信的紧凑型相移器。我们的结果显著改进了最先进的 PCW 设计，并提供了一种优化 PCW 集成技术的通用方法。

英文摘要Photonic crystal waveguides (PCWs) are a powerful platform for optical technologies because they can spatially confine light on sub-wavelength scales and manipulate the group velocity of propagation modes, both of which enhance light-matter interactions. Many applications in photonics require a large bandwidth of low-loss and constant-velocity slow light, a significant challenge for previous dispersion and Bloch mode engineering techniques. By combining inverse design with an efficient mode solver and physics based formulas, we reduce the computational time of PCW designs by more than 100 times, allowing for the realization of PCWs with up to an order of magnitude increase in bandwidth and up to 4 times decrease in loss. We then explore the trade-offs between bandwidth, disorder-induce loss, group index, and dispersion. As examples, we apply this approach to two active and practical areas of research for PCWs design: broadband, position-tolerant Purcell enhancement, and compact phase shifters for optical communications. Our results significantly improve state-of-the-art PCW designs and provide a general method to optimize PCWs integrated technologies.

为什么与你有关
为什么与你有关：
- 主线关联：更偏photonics / photonic crystal，可作为 PCSEL 周边器件物理或数值方法补充。
- 可用线索：AI 代理模型/逆向设计。
- 可转化内容：先判断能否变成一个仿真 case、baseline、验证指标或参数先验。

周末深读：适合作为方法储备，关注能否迁移到光子晶体器件设计。